Principles of Management CLEP Practice Exam

Which need is first in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

1. Esteem needs

2. Self-actualization needs

3. Safety needs

4. Physiological needs

The correct answer is: Physiological needs

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs are the most fundamental and come first. This framework, proposed by Abraham Maslow, suggests that human motivation is structured in a hierarchy, where basic needs must be met before individuals can focus on higher-level psychological and self-fulfillment needs. Physiological needs include the essentials for survival such as food, water, warmth, and rest. These are the basic requirements that must be satisfied to maintain physical health and functionality. According to Maslow, until these needs are fulfilled, individuals will struggle to address higher-level needs like safety, belonging, esteem, and ultimately self-actualization. The other needs in the hierarchy—safety, esteem, and self-actualization—are considered higher-level needs that individuals pursue only after their physiological requirements are met. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the foundational role of physiological needs in human motivation and behavior.